On 30 September 2020, President Trump issued an executive order on “Addressing the Threat to the Domestic Supply Chain from Reliance on Critical Minerals from Foreign Adversaries.” The purpose of the executive order is to reduce U.S. reliance on imports of “critical minerals,” which are key inputs for the technology, defense, and energy sectors. The executive order declares U.S. undue reliance on foreign adversaries for critical minerals a national emergency and directs relevant federal departments and agencies to take a series of actions to prioritize the expansion and protection of the domestic critical mineral supply chain. These include, but are not limited to, directing relevant federal departments and agencies to: recommend executive action, such as tariffs, to address these threats; accelerate the issuance of permits and the completion of projects to expand and protect the domestic mineral supply chain; and submit various reports on how to best protect the domestic supply chain.